بررسی خصوصیات مکانیکی و دوام بتن‌های خودتراکم خود ترمیم شونده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، سربازنخبه و دانشجوی دکتری عمران، دانشگاه نوشیروانی بابل

2 دانشجوی دکتری، مدیر مرکز تحقیقات بتن موسسه نون سازان-هلدینگ راه و شهرسازی

3 کارشناسی ارشد، معاونت فنی سازمان قطار شهری شهرداری قم

چکیده

از ویژگی های اصلی بتن قابلیت اضافه کردن مواد افزودنی خاص به منظور دستیابی به اهداف مختلف می‌باشد که باعث می‌شود با در نظر گرفتن تمهیدات خاص، بتن خودتراکم یا خودترمیم شونده و یا ترکیب این دو حاصل گردد؛ که هرکدام ویژگی های خاص خود را دارا می‌باشند. در این پژوهش باتوجه به نیاز بتن های خودترمیم شونده در سازه های زیر زمینی که بعد از حفاری جهت پایدار سازی و نفوذناپذیری سازه های بتنی از بتن شاتکریت، لایه های PVC و ژئو تکستایل استفاده می‌شود، ساختار بتن خودترمیم شونده به عنوان یک ماده با نفوذپذیری کم مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. با در نظر گرفتن شرایط خاک منطقه از نظر شدت سولفات و کلراید،PH خاک و سطح آب زیر زمینی، عوامل موثر بر طرح اختلاط، نحوه اجرا و برخی افزودنی‌های سطحی بتن به منظور دستیابی به نتایج مطلوب مورد آزمایش قرار می‌گیرند. محوریت اصلی تحقیق مواد کریستال شونده و افزودنیست که به منظور ساخت بتن خودترمیم شونده مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرند. این مواد به صورت ترکیب با اجزا تشکیل دهنده بتن (مواد پوزولانی) مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. در این پژوهش تاثیر توامان استفاده از پوزولان میکروسیلیس و نفوذگرکریستال شونده بر خصوصیات مکانیکی و دوام بتن جهت ترمیم بتن تونل زیرزمینی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. به این منظور آزمایش های اسلامپ، تعیین مقاومت‌های فشاری، مقاومت الکتریکی، نفوذ کلرید، جذب آب حجمی ثبت گردیده است. در پایان با انتخاب حالت های بهینه بتن خودتراکم خودترمیم شونده، طرح پیشنهادی از نظر دوام و هزینه های اقتصادی بررسی و ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


[1] M. A. Ghanbari, and B. Mehri, “Investigating the effect of styrene butadiene rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate and acrylic latex on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete,” Construction Sciences and Techniques, vol. 2(4), pp. 49-56, 1400. (In Persian) [1] G. Hsin Lai, Ch. Chen, B. Chiang Jeng, and W. Chao, “Antbased IP traceback,” Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 34 pp. 3071-3080, 2008.
[2] M. A. Abba SI, M.M. Nuruddeen, “SelfCompacting Concrete – A Review.” 2017, [May 2018].
[3] M. Gholhaki, A. Kheyroddin, M. Hajforoush, M. Kazemi, “an investigation on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete incorporating magnetic water with various pozzolanic materials,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 158, pp. 173–180, 2018.
[4] R. Saleh Ahari, T. Kamel Erdem, K. Ramyar, “Effect of various supplementary cementitious materials on rheological properties of selfconsolidating concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 75, pp. 89–98, 2015.
[5] M. Sonebi, “Medium strength self-compacting concrete containing fly ash: Modelling using factorial experimental plans,” Cement and concrete research, vol. 34, pp. 119, 2004.
[6] R. Saleh Ahari, T. Kamel Erdem, K. Ramyar, “Permeability properties of self-consolidating concrete containing various supplementary cementitious materials,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 79, pp. 326–336, 2015.
[7] J. Sanjeev, K. Sai Nitesh, “Study on the effect of steel and glass fibers on fresh and hardened properties of vibrated concrete and self-compacting concrete,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 27, pp. 1559-1568, 2020.
[8] M. Mastali, A. Dalvand, “Fresh and Hardened Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete Reinforced with Hybrid Recycled Steel–Polypropylene Fiber,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 29, 2017.
[9] M. Undal1, P.O. Modani, A.S. Gadewar, “Study of Self Compacting Concrete - A Review,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 06, 2019.
[10] G. N. De Side, N. N. Kencanawati and Hariyadi. “An application of Taguchi experiment design methods on optimization of mortar mixture composition with Silica Fume as a partial substitute for cement,” The International Conference on Mining and Environmental Technology, 2019.
[11] D. Corr, S.P. Shah, “Concrete Materials Science at the Nanoscale”, proceeding of the International Conference (Application of Nanotechnology in Concrete Design),” University of Dundee, Scotland, U.K., Ed. Dhir, R.K., Newlands, M.D. and Csetenyi, L.J., London: Tomas Telford, vol.14, pp. 129-136, 2005.
[12] A.A. Ramzanianpour, Sh.Tahoni, “Compiled by Waddell, Dobrovolski, Manuscript of concrete implementation, second edition, Alam and Adab Publications,” Tehran, 1382. (In Persian)
[13] Z. Quercia, P. Spiesz, G. Hüsken, H.J.H. Brouwers, “SCC modification by use of amorphous nano-silica”, Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 45, pp. 69-81, 2014.
[14] E. Güneyisi, M. Gesoglu, A. Al-Goody, and S. İpek, “Fresh and rheological behavior of nano-silica and fly ash blended self-compacting concrete”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 95, 1, pp. 29-44, 2015.
[15] S. Sangadji, E. schlangen, “mimicking bone healing process to self- repair concrete structure novel approach using porous network concrete.” procedia engineering, vol. 54, pp. 315-326. 2013.
 [16] A. Tanakizadeh, M. Kharkhani, “Investigating cracking characteristics at low temperature of asphalt mixtures containing recycled asphalt crumb and sasobit additive using semicircle bending test.” Construction Sciences and Techniques, vol. 3(1), pp. 11-26, 1401. (In Persian).
[17] neville am. properties of concrete. 3rd ed. longman; 1981.
[18] V. Ramakrishnan, S.S. Bang, and K.S. Deo, “A novel technique for repairing cracks in high performance concrete using bacteria. International Conference on High Performance High Strength Concrete,” Perth, Australia, 1998.
[19] S.K. Ramachandran, V. Ramakrishnan, and S.S. Bang, “Remediation of concrete using microorganisms,” ACI Materials Journal, vol. 98(1), pp. 3- 9, 2001.
[20] S.S.Bang, J.K. Galinat, and V. Ramakrishnan, “Calcite precipitation induced by polyurethaneimmobilized Bacillus pasteurii,” Enzyme Microb Tech, vol. 28, pp. 404-409, 2001.
[21] P. Ghosh, S. Mandal, B.D. Chattopadhyay, and S. Pal, “Use of microorganisms to improve the strength of cement mortar,” Cement Concrete Res, vol. 35, pp. 1980-1983, 2005.
[22] W. De Muynck, D. Debrouwer, N. De Belie, and W. Verstraete, “Bacterial carbonate precipitation improves the durability of cementitious materials,” Cement Concrete Res, vol. 38, pp. 1005-1014, 2008.
[23] H.M.Jonkers, A. Thijssen, G. Muyzer, O. Copuroglu, and E. Schlangen, “Application of bacteria as self-healing agent for the development of sustainable concrete,” Ecological Engineering, vol. 36(2), pp. 230-235, 2010.
[24] K. Van Tittelboom, N. De Belie, and W. Verstraete, “Use of bacteria to repair cracks in concrete,” Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 40(1), pp. 157-166, 2010.
[25] F. Nosouhian, D. Mostofinejad, and H. Hasheminejad, “Concrete Durability Improvement in a Sulfate Environment Using Bacteria,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, vol. 28(1), pp. 1- 12, 2015.
[26] F. Salmasi, and D. Mostofinejad, “Investigating the effects of bacterial activity on compressive strength and durability of natural lightweight aggregate concrete reinforced with steel fibers,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 251, 119032, 2020.
[27] ASTM C150-0, Standard Specification for Portland Cement, Dec 20, 2012.
[28] Iran National Standard 302; Characteristics of concrete aggregates, Iran Institute of Standards and Industrial Research, Tehran, third revision, 2014. (In Persian)
[29] Iran National Standard 4977; Grading of fine and coarse aggregates, Iran Standard and Industrial Research Institute, Tehran, first revision, 2013 . (In Persian)
[30] Iran National Standard 14748; Concrete mixing water, Iran Standard and Industrial Research Institute, Tehran, 2019(In Persian) .
[31] Iran National Standard 2930; Requirements of concrete additives, Iran Institute of Standard and Industrial Research, Tehran, 2013. (In Persian)
[32] Iran National Standard 13278; Characteristics of silica fume used in cement mixtures, Iran Standard and Industrial Research Institute, Tehran, 2015. (In Persian)
[33] Iranian National Standard 2-3203; Slump determination of fresh concrete, Iran Institute of Standards and Industrial Research, Tehran, second revision, 2016. (In Persian)
[34] Iran National Standard 3206; Determining the compressive strength of concrete samples, Iran Standard and Industrial Research Institute, Tehran, 1371. (In Persian)
[35] AASHTO TP95-14; Standard Method of Test for Surface Resistivity Indication of Concrete’s Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration, AASHTO, 2014.
[36] AASHTO T357-15; Predicting Chloride Penetration of Hydraulic Cement Concrete by the Rapid Migration Procedure, AASHTO, 2015 .
[37] NT BUILD 492; Concrete, mortar and cement-based repair materials: Chloride migration coefficient from nonsteady-state migration experiments, Nordtest Method, 1999 .
[38] ASTM C1202-18; Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration, ASTM International, 2018 .
[39] AASHTO T 277-15; Standard Method of Test for Rapid Determination of the Chloride Permeability of Concrete, AASHTO, 2015.
[40] NT BUILD 355; Concrete, mortar and cement based repair materials: Chloride diffusion coefficient from migration cell experiments, Nordtest Method, 1997. [41] British 1881-122, Testing Concrete. Method for Determination of Water Absorption.